I have been trying to build a Stream Graph in Tableau for a few days now. What a coincidence, Alex Jones offered us his (beautiful) version one week ago. Alex’s visualization uses the ThemeRiver algorithm upstream for point placement and data preparation in Alteryx. I offer you today an alternative version, entirely realized in Tableau Software.
What is a Stream Graph ?
The “Stream Graph” is a type of Stacked Area Graph built around a central axis. It is used to visualize evolutions of volumes, on several categories. It gives, at the same time, visual information on the evolution of the shares for each category and on the total evolution of the volume.
Polygons !
Polygons my dear Tableau friends, it’s all about polygons! Like many other non-native Tableau visualizations, building a Stream Graph requires using and mastering them.
This tutorial is entirely based on Rody Zakovich‘s area bump chart on his blog datatableauandme. His blog is amazing, take a look ! 🙂
Data
We have to realize a cross join of our original dataset with a second one. I advise you to aggregate your dataset before starting to use it to avoid performance issues.
I am using an Excel file with two sheets.
The first sheet (data) contains my aggregation on the time axis and the category. A technical field (Link) is also created to facilitate the cartesian product in Tableau.
The second sheet (model) contains the technical fields to build the polygons. One field is the sigmoid function, used to create the organic and smoothed appearance between each year. The technical field “Link” is still present to perform the Cartesian product.
The Excel file can be downloaded here.
The last step is to join these two sheets on the “Link” field in Tableau Software.
Calculations
Once your data is ready and your model is loaded, the real work can begin. A series of more or less complex calculations must be performed before starting to visualize something.
These calculations and techniques are entirely based on Rody Zakovich‘s area bump chart.
1.Partition : allows you to create all the polygons points.
IF [Position]=1
THEN [Path]
ELSE 50+(49-[Path])
END
2.YearFake : will be used as a continuous field, in “Columns”. This is the abscissa of our points (instead of the Year field).
[Path]/49+[Year]
3.ValueCurrent : current value, the one to the left of each stream part.
sum({FIXED [Category],[Year]: MIN([Value])})
4.ValueNext : value for the next year for each dimension, the most right of each stream part.
IFNULL(LOOKUP([3.ValueCurrent],1),0)
5.ValueX : allows to center the curve according to the maximum possible value. This is the new part.
MIN({MAX({FIXED [Year]: SUM([Value])/100})}
-{FIXED [Year]: SUM([Value])/100}/2)
6.Rank : rank on the current value. This calculation is useful for the area bump chart aestitic but not for our Stream Graph. You can replace its value by “0”.
RANK([3.ValueCurrent])0
7.TopCurrent : initial top position, also used to get the cumulative effect of curves (thanks to running_sum). This calculation is important and reused in the calculations that follow.
RUNNING_SUM([3.ValueCurrent])
+((SIZE()-[6.Rank])/100)+[5.ValueX]
8.TopNext : next top position.
LOOKUP([7.TopCurrent],1)
9.BottomCurrent : initial bottom position.
[7.TopCurrent]-[3.ValueCurrent]
10.BottomNext : next bottom position.
IFNULL([8.TopNext]-[4.ValueNext],0)
11.Curve : adding the organic effect for the intermediate points thanks to the Sigmoid function. This is the ordinate of our points.
IF MIN([Position])=1 THEN
[7.TopCurrent]+(([8.TopNext]-[7.TopCurrent])*MIN([Sigmoid]))
ELSEIF MIN([Position])=2 THEN
[9.BottomCurrent]+(([10.BottomNext]-[9.BottomCurrent])*MIN([Sigmoid]))
END
12.PathPoint : gives to Tableau the settings for the lines to be drawn.
IF [Position]=1
THEN [2.YearFake]
ELSEIF [Position]=2
THEN {MAX([Year])}+({MAX([Year])}-[2.YearFake])
ELSE [2.YearFake]+{MAX([Year])}
END
@excludeLast : allows to exclude the last part of the polygons.
LOOKUP(MIN([Year]),0)<>MIN({MAX([Year])})
Visualization
Now that the most tedious is done, we can configure the visualization.
We put our field “Category” and “1.Partition” in “Details” (a color field in color if necessary). The type of marker used must be “Polygons”. The 12.PathPoint field is to be placed in “Path”.
We use the @excludeLast filter to remove the last part of the visualization that is not needed (all values after the last year of our Year field).
2.YearFake and 11.Curve are placed respectively in Columns and Lines.
And we set the nested calculations of our calculated field 11.Curve:
Eeeet … VOILA! A wild Stream Graph appears (Geek)! I’ll let you redefine the format of the YearFake field and format your visualization.
Once again, I thank Rody for his tutorial which allowed me to build this visualization and to write this article.
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